Hagar and Ishmael in Biblical Allegory

In the previous article, that part of Galatians 4 containing the allegory referring to Hagar was quoted. First, you read there in verses 22 and 23 that “Abraham had two sons, one by the handmaid and one by the freewoman. Howbeit, the son by the handmaid has been born after the flesh; but the son by the freewoman through the promise.” Here the two sons of Abraham, Ishmael and Isaac, represent Israel, Israel after the flesh and Israel after the spirit, respectively. The son of the handmaid...